Iona Mulder whatishappeningnow What is Happening Now?

Iona Mulder (1989) studied history and followed a master International Public Law. In September 2013 she started the master Holocaust and Genocide studies. Her main focus of research is the Rwandan genocide. This led her to follow an internship at the defence team of a Dutch citizen of Rwandan origin, who was accused of committing genocide. The master Genocide Studies is an interdisciplinary master. According to her, this is a meaningful benefit, for the reason that some phenomena, like violent conflicts, cannot be explained by one disciplinary perspective only. Currently, she is doing research on the tension between individual and collective responsibility of genocide and the relation to individual sentences. To analyze this legal issue she uses legal, social and philosophical theories.

Articles
- Hidden layers: ulterior motives for contributing to UN peacekeeping missions
  8 Aug 2017
  
  By Iona Mulder – While UN peacekeeping missions have the intention and mandate to bring peace and stability, they come with a cost. Since the first mission in 1948, 3.599 UN-soldiers have died. Certain countries share the biggest… Continue Reading →
- The power of the UN to protect Humanity Part II – The endless conflict in South Sudan
  12 Apr 2017
  
  By Iona Mulder – In 2011, the Security Council assigned a peace-keeping mission, UNMISS, to South Sudan to help stabilize this young turbulent nation. In my previous article, I described the bureaucratic progress of the deployment of the mission… Continue Reading →
- The Power of the UN to protect Humanity – Part I The Security Council
  4 Jan 2017
  
  By Iona Mulder – The UN was founded after the Second World War with the primary goal of protecting peace and security in the world. One of the most important elements of this goal is the protection of… Continue Reading →
- Restricting our Right to Freedom of Expression in name of Security and Stability -The Issue of Ethiopia
  28 Nov 2015
  
  By Iona Mulder – The right to freedom of expression was first recognized in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (1949) art. 19 and established as binding international law in art. 19 of the International Convention on Civil and… Continue Reading →
- “There is no way that I am going to be a bystander” – Interview with Professor Samuel Totten on the Nuba Mountains in Sudan
  20 Apr 2015
  
  By Iona Mulder – The Nuba Mountains are situated in the South of Sudan, near the newly formed border with South Sudan (see map). Even though the area does not have a high population rate, it is home to fifty-two different… Continue Reading →
- Think beyond our desire ‘to do good’: Humanitarian aid during the Sudanese Civil War
  18 Feb 2015
  
  By Iona Mulder – The picture that you will see if you click on this link is one of the most illuminating pictures I have ever seen. It was sent to me by my professor Lee Seymour after… Continue Reading →
- The Sudanese circle of violence: exploitation of cultural identities
  17 Jan 2015
  
  By Iona Mulder – In 1983, a civil war started in the former Sudan. Two parties, the Northern government in the capital Khartoum and a Southern coalition called the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA), fought each other to retain and gain… Continue Reading →

Definitioner

Sharia

Sharia or Sharia law is the Islamic law system, derived from the Quran and the Hadith. Sharia law deals with crimes, politics and economics as well as personal matter such as sexual intercourse, hygience, dressing, diet and prayer. Several Islamic countries have applied Sharia as their main source of legislation, among which: Saudi-Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, Sudan, Afghanistan and the UAE. A lot of controversy revolves around Sharia law as to whether it is compatible with secular forms of government in terms of human rights, freedom of speech and women's rights.

Antonov bombers

"The vast majority of aerial attacks are by Antonov aircraft, Russian cargo planes that Khartoum is reliably reported to be adding to its current fleet. It is crucial here to understand what an Antonov "bomber" is: the Antonov is a Russian-made cargo plane, and in no way designed for use as an attack aircraft. There are no bomb sighting mechanisms; there are no bomb racks or bays; typically, crude (and cheap) barrel "bombs" are filled with scrap metal, unusable ordnance, and other shrapnel-producing materials, as well as an explosive medium---and are simply rolled out the back cargo bay. These bombs explode not with a large blast capability (and often do not explode at all), but have enough force to generate a hail of deadly shrapnel in all directions. Moreover, for protection against ground fire and anti-aircraft fire, the SAF Antonovs typically fly at altitudes of about 5,000 meters---far too high to permit any kind of militarily purposeful aerial targeting. They are not by nature a military weapon, but a tool for civilian destruction and terror." Description by Eric Reeves from the website: http://www.rovingbandit.com/2012/04/how-sudanese-bombers-work.html

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